The medial collateral ligament, or MCL, is located on the inside of one’s knee. It is a very strong ligament that prevents one’s knee from swinging to the outside against any forces on the knee. MCL tears are quite frequent, especially in skiing, and occur more than twice as often as ACL […]
The lateral collateral ligament, or LCL, is also called the fibular collateral ligament, or FCL. It is located on the outside part of the knee. It prevents one’s knee from swinging side-to-side and is a very important stabilizer to protect other knee ligaments. Unfortunately, the LCL is commonly torn in […]
ACL reconstructions are one of the top surgeries that are performed in the United States. At the last count according to the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery, they were the sixth most common surgery. However, in Vail, where we have a very active native and visiting population, it is probably one of the more common […]
The meniscus, commonly called the “cartilage” in layman’s terms, is a very important shock absorber for the knee. There are 2 menisci, both on the inside (medial) and outside (lateral) of the knee. In addition to being important shock absorbers, the menisci are also important as a backup to ensuring one’s knee remains […]
The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest ligament in the human knee, and the primary posterior stabilizer. Recent anatomy and biomechanical studies have provided an improved understanding of PCL function. PCL injuries are typically combined with other ligamentous, meniscal and chondral injuries. Stress radiography […]
Background: The anterior bundle of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) and the forearm flexors provide primary static and dynamic stability to valgus stress of the elbow in overhead-throwing athletes. Quantitative anatomic relationships between the dynamic and static stabilizers have not been described.
Purpose: To perform qualitative and quantitative anatomic […]
Osteonecrosis of the knee is a debilitating disease that can progress to end-stage osteoarthritis. Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK or SPONK) is 1 of 3 categories that are used to substratify osteonecrosis, the other 2 being secondary and postarthroscopic. SONK has been described as a focal, superficial […]
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in intra-articular pathology, demographic characteristics, and radiographic characteristics of the knee associated with primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) versus revision ACLR at the time of initial presentation with either a native anterior cruciate ligament tear or an […]
Purpose: To determine the epidemiology by player position, examination, imaging findings, and associated injuries of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries in players participating in the National Football League (NFL) Combine.
Methods: All PCL injuries identified at the NFL Combine (2009-2015) were reviewed. Data were obtained from the database organized by […]
Purpose: To (1) describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of knee chondral injuries identified at the National Football League (NFL) Combine and (2) assess in-game performance of prospective NFL players with previously untreated knee chondral injuries and compare it with matched controls.
Methods: All players with knee chondral in- […]
